W. Löhr, N. Ay. On the Generative Nature of Prediction.
Advances of Complex Systems 12 (2) (2009) 169-194. [pdf]

T. Kahle, W. Wenzel, N. Ay. Hierarchical Models, Marginal Polytopes, and Linear Codes. Kybernetika 45 (2) (2009) 189-208. [pdf]

T. Kahle, E. Olbrich, J. Jost, N. Ay. Complexity Measures from Interaction Structures.
Phys. Rev. E 79, 026201 (2009). [pdf] (arxiv)

N. Ay, N. Bertschinger, R. Der, F. Güttler, E. Olbrich. Predictive Information and Explorative Behavior of Autonomous Robots.
European Physical Journal B 63 (2008) 329-339. [pdf]

E. Olbrich, N. Bertschinger, N. Ay, J. Jost. How should complexity scale with system size?
European Physical Journal B 63 (2008) 407-415. [pdf]

N. Ay. A Refinement of the Common Cause Principle,
Discrete Applied Mathematics 157 (2009) 2439-2457. [pdf]

N. Ay, D. Polani. Information Flows in Causal Networks. Advances in Complex Systems 11 (1) (2008) 17-41. [pdf]

N. Bertschinger, E. Olbrich, N. Ay, J. Jost. Autonomy: an Information-Theoretic Perspective.
BioSystems 91 (2). Special issue: Modelling Autonomy (guest editors: X. Barandiaran, K. Ruiz-Mirazo) (2008) 331-345. [pdf]

N. Ay, D.C. Krakauer. Geometric Robustness Theory and Biological Networks.
Theory in Biosciences (2007) 93-121. [pdf]

J. Jost, N. Bertschinger, E. Olbrich, N. Ay. An information-theoretic approach to system differentiation on the basis of statistical dependencies between subsystems.
Physica A 378 (2007) 1-10.

N. Ay, A. Knauf. Maximizing Multi-Information.
Kybernetika 42 (5) (2007) 517-538. [pdf]

N. Ay, J.C. Flack, D.C. Krakauer. Robustness and Complexity Co-constructed in Multi-modal Signaling Networks.
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci (2007) 441-7.

T. Wennekers, N. Ay, P. Andras. High-resolution multiple-unit EEG in cat auditory cortex reveals large spatio-temporal stochastic interactions.
BioSystems 89 (2007) 190-197. [pdf]

N. Ay. Information Geometry on Complexity and Stochastic Interaction.
To appear in IEEE Transactions on Information Theory (2007).

T. Wennekers, N. Ay. A Temporal learning rule in recurrent systems supports high spatio-temporal stochastic interactions.
Neurocomputing 69 (2006) 1199-1202. [pdf]

N. Ay, J.P. Crutchfield. Reductions of Hidden Information Sources.
arxiv.org/abs/math.PR/0405425. Journal of Statistical Physics 120 (3-4) (2005) 659-684. [pdf]

T. Wennekers, N. Ay. Finite State Automata Resulting from Temporal Information Maximization.
Neural Computation 17 (2005) 2258-2290. [pdf]

N. Ay, I. Erb. On a Notion of Linear Replicator Equations.
Journal of Dynamics and Differential Equations 17 (2005) 427-451. [pdf]

T. Wennekers, N. Ay. Stochastic Interaction in Associative Nets.
Neurocomputing 65-66 (2005) 387-392. [pdf]

I. Erb, N. Ay. Multi-Information in the Thermodynamic Limit.
Journal of Statistical Physics 115 (2004) 967-994. [pdf]

T. Wennekers, N. Ay. Spatial and Temporal Stochastic Interaction in Neuronal Assemblies.
Theory Biosci. 122 (2003) 5-18. [pdf]

N. Ay, W. Tuschmann. Duality versus Dual Flatness in Quantum Information Geometry.
Journal of Mathematical Physics 44 (4) (2003) 1512-1518. [pdf]

N. Ay, T. Wennekers. Temporal Infomax Leads to Almost Deterministic Dynamical Systems.
Neurocomputing 52-54 (2003) 461-466.

T. Wennekers, N. Ay. Temporal Infomax on Markov Chains with Input Leads to Finite State Automata.
Neurocomputing 52-54 (2003) 431-436.

N. Ay, T. Wennekers. Dynamical Properties of Strongly Interacting Markov Chains.
Neural Networks 16 (2003) 1483-1497. [pdf]

N. Ay. An Information-Geometric Approach to a Theory of Pragmatic Structuring.
The Annals of Probability 30 (2002) 416-436. [pdf]

N. Ay, W. Tuschmann. Dually Flat Manifolds and Global Information Geometry.
Open Sys. & Information Dyn. 9 (2002) 195-200. [pdf]

N. Ay. Locality of Global Stochastic Interaction in Directed Acyclic Networks.
Neural Computation 14 (12) (2002) 2959-2980. [pdf]

W. Wenzel, N. Ay, F. Pasemann. Hyperplane Arrangements Separating Arbitrary Vertex Classes in n-Cubes.
Advances in Applied Mathematics 25 (2000) 284-306. [pdf]

K. Zahedi, N. Ay, R. Der. Higher coordination with less control - A result of information maximisation in the sensori-motor loop.
Submitted. [pdf]

N. Ay, M. Müller, A. Szkola. Effective Complexity and its Relation to Logical Depth.
IEEE Transactions on Information Theory 2009, submitted. Santa Fe Institute Working Paper 08-12-046.

N. Ay, M. Müller, A. Szkola. Effective Complexity of Stationary Process Realizations.
in preparation

Y. Sato, N. Ay. Adaptive Dynamics for Interacting Markovian Processes.
Physical Review E, submitted. Santa Fe Institute Working Paper 06-12-051. [pdf]

T. Wennekers, N. Ay. Information-theoretic grounding of finite automata in neural systems.
Preprint 52/2002, Max Planck Institute for Mathematics in the Sciences.

T. Wennekers, N. Ay. Information-theoretic grounding of finite automata in neural systems.
Preprint 52/2002, Max Planck Institute for Mathematics in the Sciences.

J. Rauh, T. Kahle, N. Ay. Support Sets in Exponential Families and Oriented Matroid Theory.
Proceedings of WUPES'09 (2009), in press.

E. Olbrich, T. Kahle, N. Bertschinger, N. Ay, J. Jost. Quantifying structure in networks.
Proceedings of ECCS 2009, in press.

D.C. Krakauer, J.C. Flack, N. Ay. Probabilistic design principles for robust multimodal communication networks.
In: Modeling Perception with Artificial Neural Networks. Eds. G. Ruxton and C. Tosh. Cambridge University Press UK 2009, in press.

W. Löhr, N. Ay. Non-Sufficient Memories that are Sufficient for Prediction.
Proceedings of Complex'2009, Shanghai, China.

R. Der, F. Güttler, N. Ay. Predictive information and emergent cooperativity in a chain of mobile robots.
ALife XI Proceedings, MIT Press 2008.

T. Kahle, N. Ay. Support Sets of Distributions with given Interaction Order.
Proceedings of WUPES'06 (2006) 52-61.

N. Ay, E. Olbrich, N. Bertschinger, J. Jost. A Unifying Framework for Complexity Measures of Finite Systems.
Proceedings of ECCS'06. Santa Fe Insitute Working Paper 06-08-028.

N. Bertschinger, E. Olbrich, N. Ay, J. Jost. Information and Closure in Systems Theory.
Proceedings of the 7th German Workshop on Artificial Life (2006).

F. Matúš, N. Ay. On maximization of the information divergence from an exponential family.
Proceedings of WUPES'03 (ed. J. Vejnarovà), University of Economics Prague, (2003) 199-204.

B. Steudel, N. Ay. Inferring common roots from high mutual information.
In preparation.

S. Weis, A. Knauf, N. Ay. Entropy distance: New Quantum Phenomena.

J. Rauh, T. Kahle, N. Ay. Support Sets in Exponential Families and Oriented Matroid Theory.
Extended version of above-listed conference contribution.

E. Olbrich, T. Kahle, N. Bertschinger, J. Jost, N. Ay. Quantifying structure in networks.
Extended version of above-listed conference contribution.

B. Steudel, N. Ay. An Information Bound in Generalized Bayesian Nets and its Causal Interpretation.

N. Ay. Information Geometry of Markov Kernels.

K. Zahedi, N. Ay. Transfer entropy and the sensori-motor loop.

N. Ay, D.C. Krakauer, A. Samal. The Genetic Code Exploits Codon Usage Bias for Robustness of Translation into Amino Acids.

Multi-Information as Guiding Scheme for Complexity Theory.
Habititation Thesis, Friedreich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg (2009).

Aspects of a Theory of Pragmatic Information Structuring.
Dissertation (in German), University of Leipzig (2001).

A Combinatorial Geometric Approach to the Hopfield Model.
Diploma Thesis (in German), Ruhr University Bochum (1996).

N. Ay. Principles of Robustness
(in German). Annual Report of the Max Planck Society (2006).

N. Ay, T. Wennekers. Complexity of Cognitive Systems
(in German). Annual Report of the Max Planck Society (2003).

Virtual creatures and robots take on `a life of their own'.
Telegraph (London) August 11, 2008 by Roger Highfield.

Robots learn to move themselves.
BBC News August 6, 2008 by Jason Palmer.

Künstliches Leben: Roboter ringen im Rechner.
Tagesanzeiger (Zürich).

Roboter werden aus Erfahrung klug.
Die Welt (Hamburg).

Roboter entfalten mit einem Mathemodell Eigenleben.
Computer Zeitung Online.

Roboter entfalten ein Eigenleben.
Pressemitteilung der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft (MPG, München).

TV: Eigensinnige Roboter.
3sat (Newton, 2008).

Die Klugheit der Dinge.
Max-Planck-Forschung, Wissenschaftsmagazin der MPG, Heft 1, 2009.

Die Klugheit der Dinge.
Wissenschaftsvideo der MPG 2009, to appear.

Selbstbestimmte künstliche Wesen.
Spektrum der Wissenschaft, to appear in February 2010.

Eine Maschine wird Mensch.
FOCUS Nr. 27, 2009.

Spielplatz der Roboter.
Berliner Zeitung, September 5, 2009.