Events
Workshop on Differential Algebra

MPI für Mathematik in den Naturwissenschaften Leipzig

E1 05 (Leibniz-Saal)

conference

06.06.22 08.06.22

Workshop on Differential Algebra

This workshop is dedicated to interactions between nonlinear algebra and the study of differential equations, with a particular focus on computations and applications. Topics include linear PDE with constant coefficients, algebraic dynamical systems, D-modules, control theory, and the Ritt-Kolchin theory of differential polynomials.

The event will be streamed, too. Streaming information will be distributed a few days before the workshop.

Program

14:00 - 14:15	Welcome
14:15 - 15:15	Joël Ouaknine (Max Planck Institute for Software Systems) On Zeros of Exponential Polynomials
15:15 - 15:45	Coffee Break
15:45 - 16:45	Heather Harrington (University of Oxford) Differential Algebra in Biology
16:45 - 17:00	Coffee Break
17:00 - 18:00	Werner Seiler (University of Kassel) Singularities of Algebraic Differential Equations We discuss a framework for defining and detecting singularities of arbitrary fully nonlinear systems of ordinary or partial differential equations with polynomial nonlinearities. It combines concepts from differential topology with methods from differential algebra and algebraic geometry. With its help, we provide for the first time a general definition of singularities of partial differential equations and show that it is at least meaningful in the sense that generic points are regular. Our definition is then extended to the notion of a regularity decomposition of a differential equation at a given order and the existence of such decompositions is proven by presenting an algorithm for their effective determination (with an implementation in Maple). Finally, we rigorously define the notion of a regular differential equation (a fundamental concept in the geometric theory of differential equations). We show that our algorithm automatically extracts one provably regular differential equation from each prime component of a given equations and thus provides an effective answer to an old problem in the geometric theory of differential equations.

09:15 - 10:00	Daniel Robertz (RWTH Aachen) Thomas Decomposition for Differential Systems and for Difference Systems Given a system of linear or nonlinear partial differential equations, various tasks like determining all power series solutions, finding all compatibility conditions, or deciding whether another given equation is a consequence of the system, require formal manipulation of the system. The Thomas decomposition method lends itself to answering such questions. It splits a differential system into finitely many so-called simple differential systems whose solution sets form a partition of the original solution set. This talk gives an introduction to this method and presents recent advances in a similar technique for difference equations and applications to the study of finite difference schemes.
10:00 - 10:30	Coffee Break
10:30 - 11:15	Yairon Cid-Ruiz (Ghent University) Describing non-reduced schemes with differential operators We describe recent developments in commutative algebra that lead to a characterization of ideal membership in terms of differential conditions. These results generalize the construction of Noetherian operators for primary ideals in the analytic theory of Ehrenpreis-Palamodov. The main concept we introduce is that of differential primary decompositions.
11:15 - 11:30	Coffee Break
11:30 - 12:15	Laura Kovacs (TU Wien) Algebraic Synthesis of Loops and their Invariants Provably correct software is one of the key challenges in our software-driven society. While formal verification establishes the correctness of a given program, the result of program synthesis is a program which is correct by construction. In this talk I overview some of our results for both of these scenarios when analysing programs with loops. The class of loops we consider can be modelled by a system of algebraic recurrence equations, importantly with constant coefficients. I first describe an algorithmic approach for synthesising all polynomial equality invariants of such non-deterministic numeric single-path loops. By reverse engineering invariant synthesis, I then present an automated method for synthesising program loops satisfying a given set of polynomial loop invariants. Our results have applications towards proving partial correctness of programs, compiler optimisation and generating number sequences from algebraic relations.
12:15 - 13:30	Lunch Break: served on site
13:30 - 14:15	Sebastian Falkensteiner (RISC Linz) Using Algebraic Geometry for Solving Differential Equations Given a first order autonomous algebraic ordinary differential equation, i.e. an equation of the form $F (y, y^{'}) = 0$ with polynomial $F$ and complex coefficients, we present a method to compute all formal Puiseux series solutions. By considering $y$ and $y^{'}$ as independent variables, results from Algebraic Geometry can be applied to the implicitly defined plane curve. This leads to a complete characterization of initial values with respect to the number of distinct solutions extending them. Furthermore, the computed formal solutions are convergent in suitable neighborhoods and for any given point in the complex plane there exists a solution of the differential equation which defines an analytic curve passing through this point. Recently we generalized some of these results to systems of ODEs which implicitly define a space curve and to differential equations of the form $F (y, y^{(r)}) = 0$ . Moreover, we present a method to compute local solutions with real or even rational coefficients only. This is a joint work with Jose Cano, Rafael Sendra and Daniel Robertz.
14:15 - 14:30	Coffee Break
14:30 - 15:15	Juan Rafael Sendra (Universidad de Alcalá) Transforming some Differential Equations into Algebraic Differential Equations In the initial courses of calculus, when dealing with the computation of primitives, it is shown how certain integrals, whose integrands involve radicals of polynomials, can be transformed by a change of variable into integrals whose integrand are rational functions; and, hence, handleable algebraically. If the indefinite integral is seen as a differential equation, the natural question is whether we could develop a similar strategy to transform differential equations, whose coefficients involve radicals of polynomials, into differential equations whose coefficients are now rational functions. Illustrating examples of this are $4 (y^{'})^{3} {\sqrt{x + 1}}^{3} - (x + 1) y y^{'} + y^{2} = 0,$ or $(- \sqrt{x_{2}} \frac{\partial y (\overset{―}{x})}{\partial x_{3}} + 2 \frac{\partial y (\overset{―}{x})}{\partial x_{1}}) \sqrt{x_{1} + \sqrt{x_{2}}} + 2 \sqrt{x_{2}} \frac{\partial y (\overset{―}{x})}{\partial x_{2}} - y (\overset{―}{x})^{2} - \frac{\partial y (\overset{―}{x})}{\partial x_{1}} = 0,$ or even $\sqrt{x} y^{″} - \sqrt{y^{3}} = 0.$ In this talk we will recall some basic facts on radical varieties, and we will present an algorithm to transform, if possible, a given differential equation, with radical function coefficients, into one with rational function coefficients by means of a rational change of variables so that solutions correspond.
15:15 - 15:30	Coffee Break
15:30 - 16:15	Shiva Shankar (Indian Institute of Technology Bombay) Some questions in algebra that arise in the control of systems described by PDE This talk will explain a few questions that arise in the control of systems described by PDE, and how the algebraic structure (injectivity, flatness) of the space in which the solutions of the PDE are located help answer these questions in the case of linear constant coefficient PDE. It will describe some partial results in the setting of periodic solutions/Sobolev spaces, and finally pose some 'open problems'.
16:15 - 17:00	Bogdan Raita (Scuola Normale Superiore Pisa) Syzygies and Compensated Compactness Linear systems of PDEs can be viewed comprehensively through an algebraic geometric lens. However, most conditions on linear PDEs used in Analysis have a strong Linear Algebra flavor and are difficult to describle using tools of Nonlinear Algebra. We use differential primary decompositions to characterize some of these conditions. In doing so, we prove new properties of the evaluations of polynomial matrices. We aim to use these insights in Analysis applications: weak continuity/lower semicontinuity in Compensated Compactness/Calculus of Variations. Joint work with Marc Härkönen and Lisa Nicklasson.
18:00 - 22:00	Dinner

09:15 - 10:00	Markus Lange-Hegermann (inIT / TH OWL) On Inductive Biases for Gaussian Processes from Differential Algebra We consider the interplay between Gaussian processes, a classical stochastic framework with recent fame in machine learning, with differential algebra. We construct Gaussian process priors that concentrate their probability mass on solutions of certain linear differential equations, which yields a strong inductive bias in the learning algorithm. Technically, Gröbner basis algorithms yield a parametrizations of the solution sets of such differential equations, with is used to push forward a suitable Gaussian process. If time permits, we discuss control, boundary values, and parameter identification as applications. Slides
10:00 - 10:30	Coffee Break
10:30 - 11:15	Amaury Pouly (Universite de Paris, CNRS, IRIF) Algebraic closure of finitely generated groups of matrices, with application to invariants synthesis for affine programs and linear hybrid automata I will present some results on how to compute the strongest polynomial (or algebraic) invariants that hold at each location of a given affine program (i.e., a program having only non-deterministic (as opposed to conditional) branching and all of whose assignments are given by affine expressions). Our main tool is an algebraic result of independent interest: given a finite set of rational square matrices of the same dimension, we show how to compute the Zariski closure of the semigroup that they generate. I will then explain how this result can be extended to linear hybrid automata which contain a mixture of linear discrete and continuous (ODE) dynamics. Finally, I will mention some recent results on the complexity of computing those invariants and obtaining bounds on the degree of the algebraic closure of finitely generated groups of matrices.
11:15 - 11:30	Coffee Break
11:30 - 12:30	Gleb Pogudin (Institut Polytechnique de Paris) Open Problems in Differential Algebra In this talk I will present several open problems about differential equations of algebraic and combinatorial nature, mostly inspired by applications. The main emphasis will be on the problems that do not require deep knowledge of differential algebra and can be illustrated by interesting specific examples. Slides
12:30 - 13:30	Lunch Break: self-organized, in the city
13:30 - 14:15	Lara Bossinger (UNAM (National Autonomous University of Mexico)) Toric degenerations, Newton--Okounkov bodies and tropical geometry Slides
14:15 - 14:45	Coffee Break
14:45 - 15:30	Fuensanta Aroca (Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México) Newton Polyhedra, series with exponents in cones and partial differential equations
15:30 - 15:45	Coffee Break
15:45 - 16:30	Alexey Ovchinnikov (CUNY Queens College and Graduate Center) Algebra in differential equations with parameters and their applications We will discuss our current progress and open problems in the parameter identifiability/estimation for differential equations with parameters and the role of algebra in tackling these problems.

Participants

Rida Ait El Manssour

Max Planck Institute for Mathematics in the Sciences

Fuensanta Aroca

Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México

Lukas Barth

Max Planck Institute for Mathematics in the Sciences

Lara Bossinger

UNAM (National Autonomous University of Mexico)

Yairon Cid-Ruiz

Ghent University

Elena Derunova

Max Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics

Ruiwen Dong

University of Oxford

Marzieh Eidi

Max Planck Institute

Sebastian Falkensteiner

RISC Linz

Paul Görlach

Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg

Marc Härkönen

Georgia Institute of Technology

Heather Harrington

University of Oxford

Claudio Iuliano

University of Leipzig & MPI-MiS

Laura Kovacs

TU Wien

Kaushal Kumar

Heidelberg University

Pierre Lairez

Inria

Markus Lange-Hegermann

inIT / TH OWL

Julia Lindberg

Max Planck Institute

Saiei-Jaeyeong Matsubara-Heo

Kumamoto university

Stefano Mereta

Swansea University & Université Grenoble Alpes

Sayan Mukherjee

University of Leipzig and MPI MiS

Xianglong Ni

University of California, Berkeley

Joël Ouaknine

Max Planck Institute for Software Systems

Alexey Ovchinnikov

CUNY Queens College and Graduate Center

Gleb Pogudin

Institut Polytechnique de Paris

Amaury Pouly

Universite de Paris, CNRS, IRIF

Bogdan Raita

Scuola Normale Superiore Pisa

Georg Regensburger

University of Kassel

Ángel David Rios Ortiz

Max Planck Institute for Mathematics in the Sciences

Daniel Robertz

RWTH Aachen

Anna-Laura Sattelberger

MPI MiS

Werner Seiler

University of Kassel

Matthias Seiss

Universität Kassel

Juan Rafael Sendra

Universidad de Alcalá

Shiva Shankar

Indian Institute of Technology Bombay

Mima Stanojkovski

RWTH Aachen University / MPI MiS Leipzig

Bernd Sturmfels

Max Planck Institute for Mathematics in the Sciences

Libby Taylor

Stanford University

Bertrand Teguia Tabuguia

MPI for Mathematics in the Sciences

Charles Wang

Harvard University

James Worrell

University of Oxford

Gentian Zavalani

Center for Advanced Systems Understanding (CASUS)/ Technische Universität Dresden

Workshop on Differential Algebra

Program

Participants

Rida Ait El Manssour

Fuensanta Aroca

Lukas Barth

Lara Bossinger

Yairon Cid-Ruiz

Elena Derunova

Ruiwen Dong

Marzieh Eidi

Sebastian Falkensteiner

Paul Görlach

Marc Härkönen

Heather Harrington

Claudio Iuliano

Laura Kovacs

Kaushal Kumar

Pierre Lairez

Markus Lange-Hegermann

Julia Lindberg

Saiei-Jaeyeong Matsubara-Heo

Stefano Mereta

Sayan Mukherjee

Xianglong Ni

Joël Ouaknine

Alexey Ovchinnikov

Gleb Pogudin

Amaury Pouly

Bogdan Raita

Georg Regensburger

Ángel David Rios Ortiz

Daniel Robertz

Anna-Laura Sattelberger

Werner Seiler

Matthias Seiss

Juan Rafael Sendra

Shiva Shankar

Mima Stanojkovski

Bernd Sturmfels

Libby Taylor

Bertrand Teguia Tabuguia

Charles Wang

James Worrell

Gentian Zavalani

Scientific Organizers

Rida Ait El Manssour

Marc Härkönen

Bernd Sturmfels

Administrative Contact

Saskia Gutzschebauch